Bojovnica pestrá je farebný klenot akvárií

Napísal Tatiana Kubišová 05. marec 2025

Bojovnica pestrá, po latinsky betta splendens, pochádza z juhovýchodnej Ázie, kde obýva plytké vody ryžových polí, kanálov a pomaly tečúcich potokov. Vďaka tomu si vyvinula jedinečnú schopnosť dýchať atmosférický kyslík pomocou labyrintového orgánu v dutine ústnej...

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... čo jej umožňuje prežiť aj v prostredí s nízkym obsahom kyslíka. Medzi akvaristami ide o jednu z najobľúbenejších rýb, keďže jej výzor ju predurčuje na kráľovnú akvárií.

Krása v rôznych farbách a tvaroch

Dlhoročné šľachtenie prinieslo širokú škálu farebných variantov – od sýtych červených a modrých odtieňov až po exotické kombinácie viacerých farieb. Bojovnice sa však okrem farieb líšia aj tvarom a veľkosťou plutiev. Niektoré majú dlhé, splývavé plutvy pripomínajúce vejár, iné zas kratšie a robustnejšie, dokonca u niektorých nadobudli formu gule. Ich charakteristický znak však môže lákať iné druhy rýb k šikane, preto je dobré ju kombinovať iba s mierumilovnými druhmi, ktoré nenapádajú ich dlhé plutvy. Ideálnymi spolubývajúcimi sú preto napríklad neónky, kardinálky, razbory či pancierničky.

Vhodné podmienky pre chov

„Bojovniciam sa darí v akváriách s objemom aspoň dvadsať až šesťdesiat litrov, pričom väčšie akvárium jej poskytuje stabilnejšie prostredie. Voda by mala mať teplotu medzi dvadsaťštyri a dvadsaťosem stupňov Celzia. Jemná filtrácia pomáha udržať kvalitu vody, no treba dbať na to, aby sme z akvária nerobili „práčku“, keďže bojovnice preferujú pokojné prostredie,“ vysvetľuje Robert Schemmer zo Super zoo. Do akvária je vhodné pridať živé rastliny a úkryty, ktoré rybe poskytujú pocit bezpečia a znižujú jej stres. Do vody pridávame tiež roztok Tetra Betta Aqua Safe viažuci ťažké kovy a odstraňujúci chlór. Najväčšiu chybu robia chovatelia, keď sa spoľahnú na to, že ryba nepotrebuje prísun kyslíka, keďže sa chodí nadychovať nad hladinu.

Správna výživa

Bojovnice si svoje meno vyslúžili nielen kvôli zápasom, na ktoré ich šľachtili v Ázii, ale aj kvôli tomu, že žijú v bojových podmienkach. Sú predátory a v prírode sa živia najmä hmyzom a jeho larvami. V akváriu je vhodné kŕmiť ich kvalitným krmivom určeným špeciálne pre tento druh rýb. Stravu možno obohatiť o mrazené alebo živé krmivo, ako sú dafnie či larvy komárov. Kŕmiť ich stačí jeden až dvakrát denne v primeraných dávkach, aby sa predišlo prekrmovaniu a znečisteniu vody. „Keďže ide o rybky s dobrým apetítom, pozor by sme si mali dať najmä na ich prekrmovanie. Väčšinou majú k nemu tendenciu deti, lebo ide o jedinú interakciu s ich domácim miláčikom,“ prízvukuje Robert Schemmer zo Super zoo.

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Dobrý otec

Samce bojovníc sú teritoriálne a voči iným samcom môžu byť agresívne, preto je najlepšie chovať ich osamote. V prípade, že mu chceme dopriať dámsku spoločnosti, lepšie urobíme, ak mu dáme dve až tri samičky. Bojovnice sa dokážu v akváriu bežne rozmnožiť. „Samec vytvára na hladine penové hniezdo v rohu akvária, do ktorého po oplodnení umiestni vajíčka. Neskúsení akvaristi si myslia, že sa im len pokazila voda, a tak hniezdo omylom vyhodia, čo je veľká škoda,“ upozorňuje Robert Schemmer. Samček sa o mláďatá stará aj po vyliahnutí a chráni ich pred prípadnými chúťkami samičiek. Ríša zvierat nás neprestáva prekvapovať.

Starostlivosť pre dlhý a zdravý život

Pri správnej starostlivosti sa bojovnice dožívajú dvoch až troch rokov. Pre ich zdravie je dôležité pravidelne meniť časť vody, udržiavať stabilné podmienky v akváriu a vyhýbať sa prekrmovaniu. Pokiaľ akvarista splní tieto požiadavky, bojovnica pestrá sa stane nielen pýchou akvária, ale aj očarujúcim a fascinujúcim spoločníkom.

 Zdroj foto: Pixabay, SuperZoo

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