„Yotu-Hachi” zberatelia milujú

Toyota Sports 800 je síce neveľké autíčko, ale pre motorizáciu Japoncov má obrovský význam. Bolo to prvé sériovo vyrábané športové vozidlo z produkcie Toyota Motor Corporation.

1962 toyota sport

Auto sa dostalo na japonský trh v apríli 1965, približne dva a pol roka po prezentácii jeho východiskového modelu  - ľahkého, dvojmiestneho konceptu Toyota Publica Sports  na autosalóne  Tokyo Motor Show 1962.

Takmer ako koncept

Vozidlo, ktoré má interné označenie UP15, sa od koncepčného modelu líšila naozaj  minimálne. Pri sériovo vyrábanom aute výrobca upustil od  efektného, ale málo praktického krytu kabíny, ktorý sa posúval smerom dozadu. Namiesto neho použil tradičné dvere a novátorský, snímateľný strešný panel, ktorý bolo možno schovať do kufra.  Bolo to jedno z prvých sériovo vyrábaných vozidiel, pri ktorom bola použitá strecha typu targa.

Okrem toho bol ekonomický dvojvalcový motor série U s objemom 697 cm³ použitý v koncepčnom modeli Publica nahradený výkonnejšou verziou 2U-B s objemom  790 cm³. Motor s výkonom 45 km pri  5400 ot./min poháňal zadné kolesá a zabezpečoval priemernú spotrebu paliva iba 3,9 l na 100 km!

Ľahká ako lietadlo

Výkon motora počítaný v desiatkach konských síl je dnes pri športových automoboloch nemysliteľný, avšak Toyota Sports 800 si s týmto zdanlivým nedostatkom poradila hneď dvomi spôsobmi. Karoséria navrhnutá Shohom Satom patrila v tých časoch k najaerodynamickejším. A po druhé, hlavný dizajnér Tatsuo Hasegawa mal skúsenosti z leteckej brandže, čo mu pomohlo stvoriť autíčko ľahučké a živé, podobné akrobatickému lietadlu.

Samonosná karoséria bola vyrobená z tenkej a pevnej ocele a bol z ľahkého hliníka vyrobili niektoré súčasti karosérie, snímateľnú časť strechy a rámy sedadiel. Vďaka tomu  auto vážilo len  580 kg a dosahovalo rýchlosť takmer 160 km/h.

Japonský pretekár

V rokoch 1965–1969 bolo v továrni  Kanto Auto Works (v súčasnosti časť Toyota Motor East Japan, Inc.) vyrobených iba 3 131 exemplárov tohto modelu.  Auto nikdy nebolo exportované a takmer všetky Toyoty Sport 800 mali volant na pravej strane.  Vznikla však aj séria 300 exemplárov s volantom na ľavej strane,  z ktorých sa istá časť v rámci súkromného importu dostala do Spojených štátov. Tieto vozidlá boli vyrobené pre príslušníkov americkej armády na ostrove Okinawa. 

Vďaka športovej výkonnosti a  karosérii, ktorá bola napoly kabrioletom, si  Toyota Sports 800 získala popularitu medzi mladými šoférmi. Auto dosahovalo úspechy aj v domácom motošporte, najmä v závodoch na dlhé trate, kde malo prevahu najmä spoľahlivosťou a nízkou spotrebou paliva. 

Pol storočia po začatí výroby sa podľa odhadov zachovalo iba 10 percent vyrobených modelov Toyota Sport 800, väčšina z nich v Japonsku.  Autíčko nazývané často aj láskyplne Yota-Hachi (hachi znamená po japonsky 8), sa stala autom vyhľadávaným zberateľmi. Slávu jej priniesli aj originálne modifikácie.

Začiatky hybridov Toyota

Prvý športový automobil Toyoty sa stal po rokoch základom experimentovania s modernými pohonmi. Na  veľtrh Tokio Motor Show 1979  pripravila Toyota verziu Sports 800 GT Hybrid s elektromotorom, pre ktorý vytváral prúd generátor poháňaný plynovou turbínou. V roku 2011 na bola na tokijskom autosalóne predstavená elektrická Toyota Sports EV-Twin, ktorú projektovali absolventi Toyota Technical College z Tokia. Avšak asi najvýznamnejším dedičstvom, aké po sebe zanechala  Toyota Sports 800, je používanie motora typu boxer v športovej Toyote GT86.

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