Cestoviny – čo o nich ešte neviete?

Recept na pravé cestoviny je kultúrne dedičstvo mnohých národov a k ich výrobe používali rôzne receptúry a suroviny.


Dnes hrá prím pri výrobe v aj tzv. semolina – 100% tvrdá pšenica. Len málokto vie, že história cestovín a ich vývoj siahajú až do čias pred naším letopočtom. Taliansko, ktoré sa hrdí svojím národným jedlom však nie je jediná krajina, kde sú cestoviny milované. Túto výbornú pochúťku obľubujú ľudia po celom svete, cestoviny sú základom voňavej Stredomorskej kuchyne.


Priviezol ich Marco Polo?

História prípravy cestovín siaha až do doby pred naším letopočtom. Cesto na cestoviny sa pripravovalo z dvoch základných surovín, múky a vody a následne sa sušilo na slnku. Potom sa trhalo na menšie kúsky a varilo. V minulosti sa tvrdilo, že cestoviny priviezol do Európy taliansky cestovateľ Marco Polo, ale v skutočnosti tu boli cestoviny dávno predtým ako ich priniesol známy dobrodruh. Asi 400 rokov pred našim letopočtom patrili cestoviny do jedálnička Etruskov. Číňania ich poznali ešte oveľa skôr. Pochutnávali si na nich už 3000 rokov pred naším letopočtom. Rezance, ako špecifický druh cestovín, pochádzajú z Nemecka. Ich výroba je zdokumentovaná už v 13.storočí. V Taliansku sa zo začiatku vyrábali cestoviny doma. Prvé továrne na výrobu cestovín začali vznikať v 17.storočí. Aj vďaka nim sa začali rozširovať tvarové kreácie a rôznorodosť. Prvé paradajky priviezol Cortéz z Ameriky do Európy v roku 1519, ale Taliani potrebovali ďalších 200 rokov, kým sa v kuchyni objavila ich legendárna paradajková omáčka, ktorá v súčasnosti patrí medzi taliansku klasiku.


Tvary sa rôznia

Talianske zdroje v počte druhov cestovín sa rôznia. Niektoré uvádzajú, že existuje až 600 druhov cestovín, iné zase, že existuje asi 310 tvarov cestovín, ktoré majú až 1300 mien. V Taliansku má často každý región či mesto vlastný názov na mnohé druhy cestovín.  Vedeli by ste rozoznať pappardelle, fettuccine, fusilli, vermicelli, linguine, conchiglioni, rigatoni, farfalle, penne, fiori, corallini, ravioli, cannelloni či tortellini? Bežný človek je rád, ak rozozná špagety, kolienka a vrtuľky. Vyznať  sa v cestovinách je hotové umenie a ani praví Taliani nepoznajú všetky druhy.


Cestoviny a ich delenie

Semolinové cestoviny sú pripravované zo semoliny, čo je špeciálny druh 100% durum (tvrdej) pšenice. Takéto cestoviny sú výživnejšie ako klasické z bielej múky. Semolina dodáva cestovinám aj krásnu žltú farbu, pevnosť a vynikajúcu chuť. Ak chcete skúsiť rozdiel, medzi cestovinami z bielej múky a semolinovými, vyskúšajte napríklad semolinové Fusilli, Spaghetti či Penne od Podravky. Vždy ich varte  v dostatočnom množstve vody, 1 liter na 100g cestovín a uvarte ich „al dente“. Vtedy majú totiž nižší glykemický index. Pripravte si doma napríklad cestovinový šalát s Podravka pasírovanými paradajkami a Eva sardinkami či tuniakom. Ľahké, rýchle a chutné.  Viac na www.podravka.sk .


Pasta Frecso
sú čerstvé, poväčšine doma vyrobené cestoviny zo pšeničnej múky, vajec, vody a s kvapkou bieleho vína. Cestoviny bývajú hladké, ale môžu byť aj tvarované. Často sa plnia rôznymi sladkými a slanými náplňami.

 


Pasta Secca
sú cestoviny, ktorých základ tvorí tvrdá pšeničná krupica a voda. Pri dlhšom varení sa nerozvaria, najlepšie sú ale polotvrdé alebo dobre známe aj pod názvom „al dente.“ Patria sem linguine, tagliatelle, penne či farfale.


 

Pasta Colorata sú  farebné cestoviny, ktorým farbu pridáva zelenina. Môže ísť o cviklu, paradajkový pretlak, či špenát. Rôzne zaujímavé farby sa dajú „vyčarovať“ aj pridaním korenín, ktoré cestoviny zafarbia a ochutia.


 

Zaujímavosti zo sveta cestovín

Každý človek, ktorý miluje cestoviny pozná slovné spojenie „al dente“. Viete, čo tieto dve slová znamenajú? Ide o pojem využívaný v spôsobe prípravy cestovín. Vo voľnom preklade z taliančiny ide o prípravu „na zub“, čiže spôsob, akým zistíte správne pripravené cestoviny.  Priemerný Talian zje ročne neskutočných 51 kilogramov cestovín a pri ich konzumovaní nepoužívajú vidličku a lyžičku. Zvyk jesť špagety takýmto spôsobom prišiel zo Spojených štátov amerických. Taliani používajú iba vidličku. V talianskych reštauráciách sa cestoviny podávajú ako primo piatto, teda prvé jedlo po predjedle.

3 komentárov

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    As we continue to get stronger with the step-ups,
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    This article was authored by Patrick Dale, the Training Editor for
    Health Volt. With hands-on expertise in private coaching and a background as an ex-Marine,
    he’s additionally the notable author of books such as "No Gym? Lee Boyce is a Toronto-based private trainer, school professor, and fitness writer. In addition to consuming properly, sleep can be essential for your coaching outcomes. Most adults require between seven to 9 hours of high quality sleep per night.
    Purpose for a full stretch at the bottom and a full squeeze on the high to maximize the range of movement. The snatch grip deadlift is a sophisticated variation of the standard deadlift, with a wider grip on the barbell. The wider grip of the snatch grip deadlift works more of the upper back than the decrease back. The Landmine deadlift is a variation of the deadlift that lets you use the deadlift pattern in a health program that fits your wants. The gluteus minimus is the smallest and deepest glute muscle. Its function is to rotate the decrease limbs and stabilize the pelvis when we transfer. The gluteus medius is in-between the gluteus maximus and gluteus minimus.
    Glute isolation exercises (e.g. a glute bridge) assist to strengthen your bum muscular tissues which, again, build energy and energy. Bodyweight leg exercises are additionally priceless for learning correct form earlier than you add weights to certain strikes. "We shouldn’t be utilizing weights
    until we’ve mastered fundamental lunge, hinge, and squat movements without weights," Sims says. "You
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    " If you’ve received an arsenal of strikes you could actually do wherever, there’s a better chance you’ll fit them into your routine. Leg workouts aren’t only for calves and hamstrings, actually most leg workout routines by nature are compound movements working further muscle teams with out you even knowing. Lower-body actions have the ability to work your core muscles, which in turn will improve your stability and posture.
    You have a dominant hand, so it would make sense that you simply also have a dominant leg. As you proceed with your regular training, the dominant leg takes on extra load, leading to a muscle imbalance. Performing an exercise one leg at a time can show you the power disparity between your legs, permitting you to make changes to keep away from harm down the highway. You May get extra out of doing 10 sluggish managed reps than 20 sloppy rushed reps. Single-leg workouts can really feel like a punishment, but bear in mind, you're doing it to improve yourself. If you're half-assing the exercises just to get by way of, you're dishonest yourself. If you are imagined to do 10 reps but can only get 5 without breaking kind, get the 5 and work on getting that sixth. You're setting yourself up for injury if you carry out these workouts incorrectly.
    A minimalist core coaching strategy might be to easily pick one train on your frontal core muscles (your abs) and one in your posterior core muscular tissues (your decrease back). To make this train easier, bend your knees and carry out hanging knee raises as an alternative. A resistance band around your thighs will make it even tougher on this train which will help fight knee pain. In addition, your body weight is supported by each your back and toes, which means the impact of your physique weight is lessened. The correct type for pushing a sled has a trainee lean ahead in order that they will drive into it horizontally. While this places a huge demand on the decrease physique, the knee cap has far less range of motion. Additional, the load isn't positioned on the bones like in the squat.
    Bodybuilders and powerlifters aren’t going up to one another asking how a lot their legs can curl. To optimize your weight reduction journey, it is important to know the intricate anatomy of leg muscles, including the quadriceps, hamstrings, calves, and glutes. This data will empower you to focus on specific muscular tissues effectively, making certain a balanced and comprehensive leg exercise. You can create a complete leg workout using body weight workouts only. Conversely, you'll have the ability to throw in bodyweight leg workout routines with a weightlifting routine.

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