Všetky tajomstvá AWD-i – ako funguje inovatívny pohon Toyoty

Čo má spoločné mestský Yaris Cross so 7-miestnym Highlanderom? Toyota v oboch autách využíva svoj inovatívny pohon všetkých kolies AWD-i. Ako funguje a v ktorých modeloch ho nájdete?

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Za dlhé roky si Toyota vybudovala vynikajúce meno ako výrobca terénnych vozidiel. Modely Hilux a Land Cruiser, ktoré sa vyrábajú a predávajú dodnes, sú jednými z posledných skutočných off-roadov s konštrukciou založenou na ráme a so stálym, mechanickým pohonom všetkých štyroch kolies. Japonský výrobca si uvedomuje, aké výhody plynú z pohonu všetkých kolies, preto sa už roky snaží ponúkať takéto riešenie v čo najväčšom počte modelov. Pre hybridné automobily bol vyvinutý koncept pohonu s pomocou elektromotora zadnej nápravy a základom tejto technológie je možnosť jej využitia v automobiloch takmer všetkých segmentov. Toto riešenie dostalo názov AWD-i, čiže All Wheel Drive – intelligent, teda inteligentný pohon všetkých kolies.

Princípom pohonu AWD-i je, že hybridný model využíva elektromotor na zadnej náprave. To je ten najväčší rozdiel oproti klasickým terénnym autám – nie je tu permanentné spojenie medzi nápravami, hnacím hriadeľom či rozdeľovacou skriňou s reduktorom. Je to počítač, ktorý na základe bleskurýchlych dátových analýz rozhoduje o rozdelení výkonu medzi predné a zadné kolesá.

Aké sú jeho výhody?

Možnosť využitia pohonu AWD-i v mnohých modeloch Toyoty umožňuje architektúra TNGA. Medzi jej najdôležitejšie prednosti patria nízke ťažisko, vysoká tuhosť karosérie a jednoduchosť umiestnenia jednotlivých komponentov hybridného systému. A takisto aj možnosť pridania pohonu všetkých štyroch kolies.

V autách značky Toyota s pohonom  AWD-i je hybridný systém prednej nápravy, ktorý pozostáva z benzínového motora, elektromotora a generátora, ktorý dobíja trakčnú batériu. Zadnú nápravu poháňa tretí elektromotor. Prevádzku všetkých zariadení riadi jednotka riadenia energie PCU cez hybridnú prevodovku a menič. Práve tá umožňuje použitie výkonnejších elektromotorov pri zachovaní rovnakého výkonu a kapacity batérie. Toto je tajomstvo výkonu hybridných vozdiel Toyota v elektrickom režime. V konečnom dôsledku to znamená spotrebu paliva podobnú ako pri verzii s výlučne predným pohonom. Ako je to možné? Keď je auto v pohybe, je poháňaná predovšetkým predná náprava. Zadné kolesá vstupujú do akcie len vtedy, keď je to potrebné. Keď systém zaznamená stratu priľnavosti, rozhodne, že na stúpanie do kopca je potrebný väčší výkon, alebo či  sa budeme pohybovať po povrchu so zníženou priľnavosťou mimo hlavnej cesty.

Pohon AWD-i znamená aj prídavné jazdné režimy určené na pohyb v náročnejších podmienkach, ako je jazda na snehu alebo v teréne. Navyše, vozidlá s týmto pohonom sú vybavené aj asistenčným systémom pri jazde z kopca. Ďalšou výhodou je, že vďaka kompaktnej veľkosti AWD-i zostáva batožinový priestor veľký a funkčný.

Od mestského crossoveru po 7-miestne SUV

Pohon AWD-i je dostupný v celom rade hybridných SUV a crossoverov značky Toyota. Najmenším automobilom s týmto pohonom je Toyota Yaris Cross. Hybridný pohon je v tomto prípade založený na motore 1,5 z radu Dynamic Force, ktorý produkuje výkon 116 koní. Jeho priemerná spotreba paliva sa pohybuje od 4,7 l/100 km, čo z neho robí najhospodárnejšie SUV v rade Toyota.

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O čosi väčším autom ako Yaris Cross je Corolla Cross, ktorá debutovala v roku 2022. Takéto auto dovtedy v ponuke Toyoty chýbalo. Model využíva nielen pohon AWD-i, ale aj premiérový hybridný pohon piatej generácie, ktorý je okrem iného efektívnejší vďaka použitiu výkonnejších a ľahších lítium-iónových batérií, ako aj vylepšeniam ostatných komponentov. Okrem toho disponuje zadným elektromotorom s výkonom až 40 koní.

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Pohon AWD-i debutoval v  modeli Toyota RAV4 v kombinácii s dvoma typmi hybridných systémov. Prvou možnosťou je full hybrid, v ktorom má pohon s 2,5-litrovým motorom z rady Dynamic Force celkový výkon 222 koní. Zrýchlenie z 0 na 100 km/h je 8,1 sekundy a priemerná spotreba paliva od 5,6 l/100 km. Auto je teraz dostupné v novej verzii Adventure s ešte terénnejším charakterom. Druhým variantom pohonu so systémom AWD-i je plug-in hybrid. Jeho výkon je 306 koní, zrýchlenie z nuly na zadný elektromotor s výkonom 54 koní a objemná batéria vám umožnia cestovať až 75 km v elektrickom režime s nulovými emisiami.

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Toyota Highlander je najväčšie auto v rade, ktoré využíva pohon AWD-i. Vďaka hybridnému systému s celkovým výkonom 248 koní zrýchli auto z 0 na 100 km/h za 8,3 sekundy a priemerná spotreba paliva je od 6,6 l/100 km. Highlander s päťmetrovou karosériou ponúka miesto pre sedem osôb a batožinový priestor 1 909 litrov. Navyše je schopný ťahať príves s hmotnosťou až dve tony. Niet divu, že aj tento model sa veľmi rýchlo stal populárnym.

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Zdroj foto: Toyota

15891 komentárov

  • Komentár Mikel %PM, %20 %030 %2025 %23:%mar napísal Mikel

    That’s because the sooner you walk, the tougher your muscular
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    Understanding where and tips on how to activate these muscle
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    Thomas is a devoted health fanatic with over 12 years of expertise within the
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    One Other means to consider it's, that if you were to take a seat on the floor cross-legged, the hip
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    The glute bridge will assist you to activate and strengthen your glutes before working out.
    Lie on the ground along with your again on the bottom and your arms at your
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    Make certain you’re totally partaking your glutes and not counting on any other muscles,
    like your legs, to raise your physique. You’ll need a
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    The gluteus maximus begins from the upper a half of your hip bone, as nicely as the
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    Beneficial exercises for this include doing full squats
    or running on an incline. You can also use kinesiology
    tape over the world pain while you train; here are some good kinesiology tape choices.

    Now let's get right into some of the finest glute exercises that ladies ought to embody in their exercise split.
    These are the moves I swear by and each has a special spot in my personal
    glute training program. There we now have it, every little thing you should know for growing the
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    The workout routines we'll discuss have multiple variations, whether with barbells, dumbbells, or on the
    Smith machine. We all know that sitting for prolonged periods of time can negatively have an result on our well being — but its function in weakening the muscles in your behind is a lesser recognized concern. That causes somewhat bit
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    both flex the joint or prolong the joint.
    So, you begin to get somewhat bit of reciprocal inhibition of the glutes
    because they can’t do each on the similar time. From a standing
    position, let the hip rise up as excessive as it possibly can, which
    places you into a good diploma of hip flexion and glute engagement.

    And as you’ll see right here in a second, they’re the proper
    complement to what’s lacking in these compound workouts, which is why you need to focus on them.
    Knowing your butt anatomy can help with influencing the appearance of your butt.

    Once you grasp the body weight variation and proper form, you'll have the ability to really feel confident adding weight.
    Frivolously maintain the weight as you carry and lower
    your hips so it doesn’t fall off or roll again onto you.
    The greatest method to handle a saggy underbutt is through the mixture
    of glute isolation workouts and compound movements. I Might advocate squats and lunges to have interaction the whole glute complex
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    Lastly, the gluteus minimus is the smallest of the three glute muscles.

    It is beneath the gluteus medius and helps with hip abduction and stability.

    It acts in synergy with the gluteus medius muscle to abduct and internally rotate the
    thigh. Your glutes are the one of many largest and strongest muscles
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    propel your ahead when you stroll and run. The banded
    clamshell is another superior banded exercise to focus
    on the aspect glutes. Likewise, with the banded walks,
    all you need for this train is a resistance band.
    The middle glutes (the glute maximas) are the largest muscle within the glute area, so spending most of our glute-building efforts right here is sensible.
    But if we neglect in regards to the facet glutes
    then we’re by no means going to be able to build the well-rounded, fuller look many individuals attempt for.


    As A Outcome Of of those top-notch cues, it’s much easier to focus on the proper muscle
    groups in each train. Once I awakened the next morning,
    my glutes and quads had been positively sore.

    Since these had been the muscular tissues I was alleged to be
    utilizing, I wasn’t really surprised. A regular move
    in Pilates exercises, glute bridges are another nice train for helping to strengthen your bum.
    This one takes place on the floor so try to have an exercise mat
    prepared for you to use. You can do these on their very own or as a
    finisher on the finish of your glute workout to work the
    muscle to fatigue, aka when you can't do one other rep with nice kind.

    To maximize the effectiveness of lower glute exercises,
    it’s important to concentrate on progressive overload, preserve consistency in your exercises, and activate your glutes earlier than each session. Single-leg cable kickbacks
    present a targeted burn to the lower glutes, creating
    definition and shape. Glute Ham Developer (GHD) workouts work
    each hip extension and flexion to create strong, shapely muscles within the underbutt space.
    To perform Lower Glute Training Exercise A successfully, it
    is best to do three sets of 10 to 15 reps per exercise.
    Progressive overload also needs to be carried out
    by increasing weights or resistance bands over time.
    Decrease Glute Coaching Exercise B incorporates single-leg Romanian deadlifts, entrance foot elevated split squats, and stability
    ball hip raise and leg curls for a complete lower glute workout.
    Studies have shown that workouts like single-leg hip thrusts that concentrate on particular areas of muscle recruitment
    are extremely effective for building energy and hypertrophy in those areas.


    When they get well, they will rebuild slightly bit greater and stronger.
    They want this energy as a outcome of their a number of roles in physique motion. In actuality, many of the movements you do rely on your glutes in some fashion.
    One of the largest muscle teams of the lower physique, the glutes support
    compound actions like squats and deadlifts. The gluteus minimus largely works together with the gluteus medius to
    perform abduction of the leg. It is also answerable
    for medial rotation (towards the physique center line) of the
    thigh.
    If you do that, keep in mind you need to only prepare them three instances every week for a
    short time period, round 4-6 weeks. The second option is should you actually wish to concentrate in your glutes
    for a short time frame. Maybe you're unhappy with them, or you could have stalled on progress, and want to see some positive aspects.
    Your glutes are unique as they are important for such a wide variety of duties.
    On any given day, you might want them that can help you walk a mile or leap over one thing excessive.

    Progressive overload is the most important lifting principle there is.

    Lunges aren't doubtless the safest within the 5-10 vary, particularly if
    they're strolling lunges, however are glorious within the vary.
    Even if your shopper is not attempting to grow their glutes,
    there are nonetheless benefits to constructing strong glute muscles.
    Most people sit all day, which retains the hips and hip flexors in a
    continuing state of flexion. This makes the anterior muscle tissue of the physique tight and shortened
    and the posterior chain lengthened and loose. Weak glutes and tight hip flexors
    may cause dysfunction, corresponding to knee pain, low back ache, or hamstring strains.

    Maybe the one movement during which it is not the
    first mover is hip flexion, yet it nonetheless performs a
    pivotal role in stability throughout this
    motion. Second, you need the step-up as a end
    result of it is done on one leg, AKA unilaterally. The obvious assumption is that this creates extra activation as one leg is responsible for lifting the entire physique.

    However, with the proper workouts and a proper food plan you can attain your dream butt.
    If you are in search of butt exercises, look no additional than your own lounge.
    We've rounded up 14 completely different glute workout routines,
    all of which could be carried out within the consolation of
    your personal home. To develop two inches in your glutes physique growth,
    a targeted method combining targeted energy training, proper
    nutrition, and adequate relaxation is crucial. Progressive overload, similar to rising weight or using totally different glute-focused workouts, is a requirement for muscle growth.
    For optimal outcomes together with your physique composition, squats ought to be a part of a well-rounded train routine that includes other glute-focused exercises like Hip Thrusts and Romanian Deadlifts.

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