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Zelený smaragd v korune zámockej záhrady žiari novotou

Napísal CzechTourism 08. október 2024

Letohrádok Bellarie v Českom Krumlove vnímala verejnosť po celé desaťročia ako kulisu divadelných predstavení na otáčavom hľadisku. Po štvorročnej kompletnej renovácii za takmer 61 miliónov korún sa pohľad naň úplne mení.

Budova v zámockej záhrade nadobudla svoju pôvodnú krásu a premenila sa na rokokový zámok, ukrývajúci vo svojich interiéroch niekoľko svetových unikátov.

Bellarie a trochu histórie

Vzorom pre pretiahnutý osemboký objekt vzácne zachovanej rokokovej záhradnej stavby bol zrejme palác Evžena Savojského Horný Belveder. Predchodca dnešného letohrádku, pavilón na zvýšenej terase pri severozápadnom múre záhrady, nechal postaviť na konci 17. storočia knieža Ján Kristián z Eggenbergu. V polovici 18. storočia, za kniežaťa Jozefa Adama zo Schwarzenbergu, mu architekt Andreas Altomonte vtlačil rokokovú podobu. Na podzemnom poschodí letohrádku sa nachádza baroková kuchyňa, miestnosť s mašinériou tzv. „čarovného stolíka“ – výťahom na jedlo, ktorý bol zhotovený už v roku 1746. Ďalej je tu umelá jaskyňa – grotta, ktorej steny pokryl Matthias André štukovou výzdobou, do ktorej zasadil tiež tisíce lastúr mušlí, úlomkov skiel a zrkadiel. Steny sál v oboch horných poschodiach zdobia nástenné maľby Františka Jakuba Prokyša. V nasledujúcich storočiach sa Bellarie nedotkli žiadne výraznejšie prestavby, premieňala sa iba farebnosť fasády a štýl záhradných úprav okolia letohrádku.

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Čarovný stôl v jedálni 

Kompletná obnova

Na začiatku prázdnin boli návštevníkom sprístupnené vybrané interiéry v skúšobnej prevádzke. Slávnostné otvorenie kompletne opraveného rokokového skvostu prebehlo 27. septembra. „Kompletná obnova letohrádku Bellarie bola jedným z najnáročnejších stavebných a reštaurátorských projektov, ktorý sa v zámockom areáli za posledných tridsaťpäť rokov realizoval. Verím, že sprístupnenie tejto vzácne dochovanej rokokovej záhradnej stavby, jedinej svojho druhu v Európe, rozšíri ponuku pamiatok UNESCO, štátneho hradu a zámku Český Krumlov, a stane sa vyhľadávaným cieľom domácich i zahraničných turistov“, uviedla generálna riaditeľka Národného pamiatkového ústavu Naďa Goryczková.

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Baroková kuchyňa

Farba smaragdov

Budova Bellarie na prvý pohľad upúta novým farebným riešením fasády. Smaragdovo zelenú farbu odhalil starostlivý reštaurátorský aj stavebno-historický prieskum nielen na fasáde, ale aj na ostatných drevených prvkoch vrátane šindľovej strechy. Tú korunujú dve ozdobné vázy, jedna z ukrýva časovú kapsulu s posolstvom pre budúce generácie. V interiéroch letohrádku boli zreštaurované cenné maľby z obdobia rokoka od Františka Jakuba Prokyša, ktoré zdobia steny sál v oboch horných poschodiach.

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Zrenovovaný letohrádok Bellarie z výšky

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Bellarie pred obnovou, foto: Aleš Motejl

Svetové unikáty

Kompletnej obnovy sa dočkali aj baroková kuchyňa a miestnosť s mašinériou tzv. kúzelného stolíka, ktorá je svetovým unikátom. Ide o funkčný výťah, ktorý dopravoval pokrmy a nápoje z prízemia do jedálne na hornom poschodí. Ďalšou raritou, ktorá sa vôbec prvýkrát predstaví verejnosti, je umelá jaskyňa, tzv. grotta na spodnom poschodí.  V čase svojej najväčšej slávy poskytovala priestor na oddych šľachtickej spoločnosti v horúcich letných dňoch. „Jej obnova bola najnáročnejšia. Steny totiž pokrývala štuková výzdoba, do ktorej boli zasadené úlomky zrkadiel, skiel a tisícky lastúr mušlí. Na základe dochovaných fragmentov sme doplnili zhruba 800 kópií mušlí, ktoré boli vyrobené pomocou 3D tlače alebo z keramiky“, priblížil jeden z mnohých detailov českokrumlovský kastelán Pavel Slavko.

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Grotta v prízemí

Krása zámockej záhrady

V novodobých priestoroch, ktoré doteraz využívalo Juhočeské divadlo ako šatne, vznikla expozičná časť venovaná historickému vývoju zámockej záhrady a stavebnému vývoju Bellarie. Výrazné úpravy sa dotkli aj okolitého terénu. Priestory pred Beláriou oživujú nové záhony a trávnaté plochy, oporný múr spodnej terasy kryje živý plot z hrabov.
Celkové náklady na kompletnú obnovu letohrádku Bellarie vyšli na takmer 61 mil Sk. Dotácia Ministerstva kultúry ČR predstavovala takmer 57 miliónov českých korún, Národný pamiatkový ústav sa na obnove podieľal sumou 4 milióny.

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 Mechanizmus pri čarovnom stole

Od 28. septembra si tak návštevníci môžu prezrieť nielen jedinečné interiéry, ale dozvedia sa i o architektúre a histórii stavby, premenách zámockej záhrady a slávnostiach, ktoré sa tu v 18. storočí odohrávali. Okrem klasických komentovaných prehliadok bude letohrádok využívaný na kultúrno-spoločenské akcie, najmä komorné koncerty, ale i svadby či prezentácie dobovej gastronómie.

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Múzejná expozícia letohrádku Bellarie

Náš tip: Okrem letohrádku Bellarie a návštevy niektorého z predstavení na slávnom českokrumlovskom otáčavom hľadisku objavíte pri prehliadke malebného historického centra Českého Krumlova aj ďalšie miesta, spojené s divadlom: odporúčame hrad a zámok so slávnym barokovým divadlom i v Rozprávkový dom a múzeum bábok, kde sú vystavené bábky Divadelného oddelenia Národného múzea v Prahe.

 Viac tipov na výlety a kultúrne podujatia nájdete na www.kudyznudy.cz 

Fotografie k článku: zdroj letohrádok Bellarie

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